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Darlinghurst is an inner-city, eastern suburb of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. Darlinghurst is located immediately east of the Sydney central business district (CBD) and Hyde Park, within the local government area of the City of Sydney.〔Gregory's Sydney Street Directory, Gregory's Publishing Company, 2007〕 Darlinghurst is a densely populated suburb with the majority of residents living in apartments or terraced houses. Once a slum and red-light district, Darlinghurst has undergone urban renewal since the 1980s to become a cosmopolitan area composed of many unique precincts. Places such as Victoria Street (which connects Darlinghurst to Potts Point in the north), Stanley Street (Little Italy) and Crown Street (Vintage and Retro Fashion) are known as culturally rich destinations.〔Heritage of Australia, Published by Macmillan Company, (1981), p.2/83〕 These high street areas are connected by a network of lane-ways and street corners replete with small bars, cafes and boutique indie retail. Demographically, Darlinghurst is home to the highest percentage of generation X and Y (28 – 47 years of age) in Australia.〔http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/mediareleasesbyCatalogue/72D4A8F0C7957E85CA257A6A0012F5A0?Opendocument 〕 The vast majority of businesses in Darlinghurst are independently owned and operated small businesses with over 50% of all commercial activity in the area being consumer oriented: indie retail, food, drink, dining, leisure and personal services.〔http://www.cityofsydney.nsw.gov.au/learn/research-and-statistics/surveying-our-community/floor-space-and-employment-survey/2012-fes-overview-and-summary-reports〕 Darlinghurst is also home to large number of off-street creative industries.〔http://www.cityofsydney.nsw.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0006/156525/Draft-Economic-Development-Strategy.pdf〕 This business mix coupled with the area's history of inclusion and acceptance give Darlinghurst an eclectic and vibrant flair. Darlinghurst's main street is Oxford Street. This major Sydney road runs east from the south-eastern corner of Hyde Park through Darlinghurst and Paddington and terminates at Bondi Junction. Oxford Street is one of Sydney's most famous shopping and dining strips.〔http://www.cityofsydney.nsw.gov.au/business/business-support/business-in-your-local-area/oxford-street〕 The Darlinghurst end is well-known around the world as the centre of Sydney's gay community, is the yearly parade route of the Sydney Mardi Gras and the spiritual birthplace of the LGBT rights movement.〔http://dictionaryofsydney.org/entry/gay_and_lesbian_mardi_gras〕 It is home to a number of prominent gay venues and businesses, while more broadly Darlinghurst is a centre of Sydney's burgeoning small bar scene.〔http://www.au.timeout.com/sydney/bars/features/10821/bars-in-darlinghurst〕 From the 1990s onwards Oxford Street began to garner a reputation for being Sydney's primary "nightclub strip", popular with both gay and straight clubbers, surpassing the notorious red-light district of Kings Cross in popularity. As a result of the influx of revellers, crime rates reportedly increased in the area around 2007, particularly for assaults and robberies. This reported increase should be understood in terms of a very low background crime rate in East Sydney in general.〔http://www.bocsar.nsw.gov.au/Documents/nsw_recorded_crime_statistics_september_2014_sa4.pdf〕 There are a number of named localities in and around Darlinghurst including Taylor Square, Three Saints Square,〔http://www.smh.com.au/articles/2008/09/20/1221331274911.html〕 Kings Cross and confusingly also East Sydney. Locals have used this name to refer to the area immediately around Stanley Street in the suburb's west, however the title is used more broadly throughout the area from Wooloomooloo〔http://www.eastsydneyhotel.com/〕 up to Taylor Square〔http://www.eastsydneydoctors.com.au/〕 where the old Darlinghurst Gaol still has the words East Sydney in brass lettering above the main entrance. This is because from 1900 to 1969 the entire area to the east of Sydney's CBD, from the harbour to Redfern, was an electorate known as the Division of East Sydney. Already in 1820 the entire ridge line running from Potts Point to Surry Hills was known as Eastern Hill.〔http://dictionaryofsydney.org/entry/darlinghurst〕 Darlinghurst shares a postcode (2010) and an extensive soft southern border with neighbouring suburb Surry Hills which, with Paddington to the east and Woolloomooloo, Rushcutters Bay and Potts Point to the north, comprise the metropolitan region of East Sydney. Although only minutes walk away from the Sydney CBD, this region is geographically distinct from it; separated from the more well known commercial centre by several landmarks: Central railway station, Hyde Park, St Mary's Cathedral and the The Domain. East Sydney hosts numerous restaurants that consistently garner local and international media attention.〔http://www.dailytelegraph.com.au/news/nsw/sydneys-top-10-restaurants-of-2014/story-fni0cx12-1227109293085〕〔http://www.smh.com.au/news/good-living/2007-winners/2006/09/04/1157222070830.html〕〔http://www.smh.com.au/news/world/sydney-named-top-nosh-city/2005/09/26/1127586779342.html〕 Sydney's Eastern Suburbs cover all the land from the east of Darlinghurst up to the Pacific Ocean. ==History== The suburb was originally known as Eastern Hill and then Henrietta Town, after Governor Lachlan Macquarie's wife, whose second name was Henrietta. The loyalties changed with the change of governors and the suburb became Darlinghurst in honour of Elizabeth Darling, the popular wife of Governor Ralph Darling, during the early 19th century. The suffix 'hurst' is derived from the Old English word hyrst, meaning wooded area.〔''The Book of Sydney Suburbs'', Compiled by Frances Pollen, Angus & Robertson Publishers, 1990, Published in Australia ISBN 0-207-14495-8, page 77〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Darlinghurst, New South Wales」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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